• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE0950495A1
    申请号:SE0950495
    申请日:2009-06-26
    公开日:2010-12-27
    发明作者:Jan Stjerna
    申请人:Svensk Robotdesign Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 2 inner walls of the post. As a result, the post does not need to have any specially designed brackets for attaching a lifting device. In addition, any visible damage to the outside of the post is limited, compared to if a gripping tool were to grip the outside of the post.
    According to one embodiment, the expander module is caused to engage with the inner walls of the post by tilting the expander module, so that a drawer effect between the expander module and the post occurs. According to this embodiment, no moving parts are needed in the expander module.
    According to one embodiment, the method comprises cooling the post.
    This reduces the outer diameter of the post, and makes the post easier to pull out of the foundation. For some situations, it may be an advantage to heat the pole before cooling. Thereby, a possible wedge around the post is expanded; this is an extra great advantage if the wedge is made of metal, such as aluminum.
    According to a second aspect, said object is achieved with an expander module for a post lift, comprising an expander portion arranged to be inserted into a post, wherein a lifting device bracket is eccentrically arranged in the expander module, which lifting device bracket is arranged by its eccentric position to the expander portion to engage the inner walls of the post. With such a design of an expander module, the effect can be achieved that the greater the lifting force in the lifting device bracket, the stronger the engagement between the expander module and the inside of the post.
    Preferably, the expander module comprises an extension portion.
    This allows the expander section to be engaged far down the post, for example far from a weakening service hatch, or down in the foundation.
    An intervention down in the foundation does not cause any visible damage to the pole above ground. In addition, the shape of the foundation helps to prevent the post from deforming.
    Preferably, the expander module comprises a locking arm. Thereby, the inclination of the expander portion can be easily initiated by pressing the locking arm in a first direction, and after pulling out the post, the expander module can be easily detached from the post by pressing the locking arm in a second direction.
    Preferably, the expander module is provided with a cable entry hole extending through the expander portion and a possible extension portion. As a result, any cables in the pole do not need to be removed, and there is no risk of squeezing them when pulling out the pole.
    According to one embodiment, the expander portion of the expander module is substantially in the form of a cylinder of elliptical cross-section.
    According to a third aspect, said object is achieved with a post lift, comprising a support for bearing against a foundation; a fastening device, arranged to be brought into engagement with a post; and a lifting device, arranged to lift the fastening device, and thus the post, in relation to the support.
    According to one embodiment, the fastening device consists of an expander module.
    Brief Description of the Drawings The above, as well as further objects, features and advantages of the invention are described in the following by means of preferred but non-limiting embodiments, and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an expander module for a post lift.
    Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an expander module for a stop lift, and further illustrates a method of removing a cut post from a foundation.
    Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a post lift.
    Fig. 4a is a schematic horizontal projection of an expander module in released position.
    Fig. 4b is a schematic horizontal projection of the expander module in the current position.
    Fig. 5a is a schematic side view of the expander module of Fig. 4a in the released position. Fig. 5b is a schematic side view of the expander module of fig. 4a in engaging position.
    Fig. 6a is a schematic side view of a second embodiment of an expander module in the released position.
    Fig. 6b is a schematic side view of the expander module of Fig. 6a in engaging position.
    Fig. 7a is a schematic horizontal projection of the expander module of Fig. 6a in the released position.
    Fig. 7b is a schematic horizontal projection of the expander module in the current position.
    Fig. 8a is a schematic side view of a third embodiment of an expander module in the released position.
    Fig. 8b is a schematic side view of the expander module of Fig. 8a in engaging position.
    Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of an expander module, illustrating a further method of removing a post from a foundation.
    Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of an expander module, illustrating yet another method of removing a post from a foundation.
    Fig. 11 is a schematic side view of an expander module, further illustrating another way of removing a post from a foundation.
    Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a post lift, arranged to remove a post from a foundation.
    Fig. 13a is a schematic side view of an expander module in engaging position.
    Fig. 13b is a schematic horizontal projection of the expander module of Fig. 13a in engaging position.
    Fig. 13C is an exploded view of the expander portion of the expander module of Figs. 13a-b.
    Description of Preferred Embodiments Fig. 1 shows an expander module 10 for a post lift. The expander module 10 comprises a cylindrical expander portion 12 with oval end surfaces 14, 16.
    The expander portion 12 is welded to an extension tube 18 which is provided with a reading arm 20. Two guide vanes 22 are welded to the upper portion of the extension tube 18. A through-cable lead-through heel 24 extends through the entire expander module 10, from the top of the extension tube 18 to the lower end surface 14 of the expander portion 12. Furthermore, the expander portion 12 is provided with wire brackets in the form of through holes 25.
    When replacing a rusty post, e.g. a lamppost, the work can sometimes be simplified by first cutting off the pole just above the foundation. Fig. 2 shows a cut-off lamppost 26 of steel, which is fixed in a concrete foundation 28. The post 26 may be pressed or cast in the concrete foundation 28, and may also have swelled by rusting. The post 26 can furthermore be anchored in the foundation 28 with, for example, a wedge-shaped collar 29.
    In other words, a significant force may be required to lift the post 26 out of the concrete foundation 28.
    The expander module 10 is arranged to be inserted into the post 26 from above as illustrated in Fig. 2. Upon insertion of the expander module 10 into the post 26, cables 30 for power supply to the lamp post 26 lamp can be threaded through the expander module 10's cable lead hole 24 (Fig. 1).
    After insertion, the expander module can be inclined inside the post 26, by pressing the locking arm 20 downwards, so that the expander portion 12 engages with the inside of the post 26. The post 26 can then be pulled upwards by pulling the expander module 10 upwards. The expander module 10 can be pulled upwards, for example by means of wires 32, which are attached to the through holes 25 of the expander portion 12. The eccentric position of the wire bracket 25 in the expander portion 12 means that the lifting force in the wires 32 contributes to the expander module 10 inclined inside the post 26, engagement of the expander module 10 with the inside of the post 26. The engagement can be further strengthened by applying a downward force to the locking arm 20, e.g. by an operator standing on the locking arm 20.
    The wires 32 can be held in place, both during insertion of the expander module 10 into the post 26 and during extension of the post 26 from the foundation 28, by means of the guide flanges 22.
    Fig. 3 illustrates a post lift for pulling the post 26 out of the foundation 28. The post lift comprises a lifting device in the form of a hydraulic jack 34, which is provided with fork-shaped legs 36. The legs 36 are arranged to rest firmly against the concrete foundation. 28, and the hydraulic piston 37 of the jack is arranged to be connected to the wires 32 by means of a hook 38.
    The post 26 is lifted from the foundation 28 by the jack 34 lifting the expander module, at the same time as the jack legs 36 carry against the foundation 28 so that it does not follow up from the ground 40. Preferably, the jack 34 is arranged to give a lifting force of more than 100 kN, and more preferably more than 150 kN.
    Fig. 3 also illustrates how the extension tube 18 of the expander module 10 may be provided with one or more access openings 42, in order to make it easier to thread through the cables 30.
    Figs. 4-5 illustrate the expander portion 12 of the expander module 10 in more detail. Although the expander portion 12 can have many different shapes, an oval shape can provide an extra strong engagement with the inside of the post 26 and reduce the risk of the post 26 being deformed by the expander module 10. Fig. 4a shows the expander portion 12 straight from above released position, i.e. in the position shown from the side in Fig. 5a. Seen from above, the expander portion is substantially elliptical, with a first half-axis H1 which is only marginally smaller than the inner diameter D of the post 26, and a second half-axis H2 which is more substantially smaller than the inner diameter D of the post 26.
    Preferably, 0.96D applies. In Fig. 4b, the expander module has been inclined by the locking arm 20 being pressed down. The expander portion 12 of the expander module 10 engages in this position with the inside of the post 26, a drawer effect occurring between the expander portion 12 and the post 26. In this engaging position the post can be pulled out of the foundation 28 by lifting the expander module 10 upwards, e.g. by an upward pulling force in the wires 32, at the same time as the upward force carries, i.e. receives the bar, the foundation 28 as described above with reference to Fig. 3. The foundation 28 thus forms a support for the lifting force in the post 26.
    Often a substantial lifting force, and thus a substantial strength of the engagement between the expander portion 12 and the post 26, is required to pull a post 26 out of a foundation 28. Because the expander portion in the released position, seen from above, is oval (Fig. 4a), in its engaging position it will form an engagement with the post 26 which is relatively circular (Fig. 4b). Thereby, the post 26 will not be substantially deformed by the inclination of the expander portion 12. The relatively circular engagement seen from above is formed by an upper edge 44 along one side of the expander portion, in combination with a lower edge 46 along the other, opposite side of the expander portion.
    For a particularly good engagement with the stated ratios between D, H1 and H2, the distance between the upper edge 44 of the expander portion 12 and its lower edge 46 preferably also preferably applies when the expander module 10 is in the released position.
    Thus, a method of replacing a post 26 using the expander module 10 of Figs. 4 to 5 could include cutting off the post 26; inserting the expander module 10 into the part of the post 26 which is fixed in the foundation 28; locking the expander module 10 to the inside of the post 26 by tilting the expander portion 12 by means of the locking arm 20; and pulling the post 26 out of the foundation 28 by simultaneously applying an upward force to the expander module 10 and bearing it to the foundation 28.
    To reduce the force required to pull off the post 26, the post 26 can be cooled, so that its diameter due to thermal contraction decreases relative to the inner diameter of the foundation. The cooling can be carried out, for example, by injecting a refrigerant, such as liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide snow, into the post 26. If the cooling is also preceded by heating, any rust deposits between the post 26 and the foundation 28 can be compressed. In addition, a wedge-shaped collar, such as the collar 29 in Fig. 2, can be stretched by the thermal expansion of the post 26. The post 26 can, for example, be heated with a gas flame or with hot gas. Heat can also be supplied directly to the collar 29, which then undergoes thermal expansion.
    After the post 26 has been pulled out, the expander module 10 can be easily detached from the post 26 by lifting or knocking upwards relative to the post 26. Figs. 6-7 show a second embodiment of an expander module 10. In this In this embodiment, the upper surface 16 of the expander portion 12 is defined by an elliptical edge 44. The elliptical edge 44 has a shape defined by half-axes H1 and H2, H1 having a tapered shape. By this shape, the expander module 10 is arranged to be inserted into the post 26 with such an inclination of the expander portion 12 that the horizontal projection of the half-axis H2 is smaller than D. This relationship is illustrated in Figs. 6a and 7a.
    The expander module is brought into engagement with the post 26 by depressing the locking arm 20, analogous to what is described above. In the engaging position illustrated in Figs. 6b and 7b, the expander portion 12 has been inclined so that the horizontal projection of H1 is equal to D. If H2 = D, a circular engagement, seen in horizontal projection, can be effected between expander portion 12 and post 26 (Figs. 7b). Preferably, 0.96D1.04D also applies.
    For a particularly good engagement, the elliptical edge 44 of the expander portion 12 should preferably be sharp-ground, and in order to have high wear resistance, the edge 44 should be made of tool steel, for example SSAB's tool steel Toolox 33 or Toolox 44, provided by SSAB Oxelösund AB, SE-613 80 Oxelösund, Sweden.
    Figs. 8a-b show a third embodiment of an expander module 10.
    The expander portion 12 in this embodiment has a shape similar to the expander portion in the first embodiment described above with reference to Figs. 1-5. Seen in horizontal projection, the expander portion 12 is oval in the released position (Fig. 8a). In engaging position (Fig. 8b), upper and lower engaging edges 44, 46, seen in horizontal projection, form a substantially circular engagement with the post 26, in the same manner as described above with reference to Fig. 4b. However, in this third embodiment (Figs. 8a-b), the engaging portion 12 differs from said first embodiment (Figs. 1-5) in that the upper edge 44 has an acute angle, and the lower edge 46 is rounded. Due to this shape, in the engaging position of the expander module (Fig. 8b), a stronger engagement is achieved between the upper edge 44 of the expander portion 12 and the post 26. This is due to the fact that the lower edge 46 slides more easily upwards along the inside of the post 26 when inclined. which during post-pulling by means of the wire 32 increases the horizontal compressive force of the upper edge 44 against the inside of the post 26. Preferably, the upper edge 44 is sharpened and made of a suitable tool set, as described above.
    Fig. 9 illustrates how an entire post 26 can be replaced or renovated. Instead of cutting off the post 26 to lower an expander module into the foundation, as described above with reference to Figs. 1-8, an expander module 10 can be inserted into the post 26 via a service opening 48. Most existing lampposts are provided with a service opening 48 that allows access to wiring or electrical connectors. The service opening 48 is usually covered by a door (not shown).
    As shown in Fig. 9, the expander module 10 has an expander portion 12 which can be tilted inside the post 26 by lifting the locking arm 20. When tilting, the expander portion 12 engages the inside of the post 26, and is locked by a drawer effect. The post 26 can then be lifted out of the foundation 28 by simultaneous application of an upward force to the locking arm 20 and bearing against the foundation 28.
    Fig. 10 shows how an expander module 10 can also be caused to lift a post 26 by pressing against a dimensional change 50 of the post. the expander portion in this embodiment need not be designed to grip the inner walls of the post; it is sufficient that the expander module is prevented from rotating about a horizontal axis when a lifting force is applied to the locking arm 20, e.g. by tilting the expander portion 12 inside the post 26.
    Fig. 11 illustrates how an expander module 10 can be inserted into a post to a position where the expander portion 12 is above the service opening 48, and where it is locked by applying an upward force to the locking arm. Fig. 12 shows a post lift, which comprises a jack 34 which is arranged to lift the expander module 10 at the same time as it carries off against the foundation 28. As a result, the post 26 can be pulled out of the foundation 28 without first being cut. In cases where corrosion occurs mainly on a lower part of the post which has been underground, the post 26 can easily be renovated in the field by cutting off and discarding its lower, corroded part, and pressing the rest of the post 26 back into the foundation 28.
    Figs. 13a-c illustrate a multi-part expander module 10, which includes an expander portion 12 and two wedges 12 '. The expander portion 12, as illustrated by the perspective view in Fig. 13c, has substantially the shape of a cylinder, the cross section of which is bounded by two opposite parts of one and the same ellipse, and two parallel cords in this ellipse. Such an expander portion 12 may be used, for example, when pulling out a post 26 whose service opening 48 is too narrow to allow insertion of an expander portion having a suitable oval or circular cross-section. When the post 26 is pulled out, the expander portion 12 is brought into engagement with the post 26, at the same time as the wedges 12 'reduce the deformation of the cross section of the post.
    The invention has been described above mainly with reference to a few embodiments, but can also be modified in various ways within the scope of the appended claims. For example, the invention is not limited to the replacement or renovation of lampposts; the invention can also be applied when replacing or renovating other types of poles, such as flagpoles, fence posts, etc. Furthermore, expansion modules other than those based on skew and drawer effect can be used, e.g. expander modules based on pressing apart engaging surfaces with a rotatable camshaft, etc. It is not necessary to use an expander module to lift a post with a post lift according to the invention. For example, a lifting device bracket can be threaded down inside the post, or screwed or welded to the outside of the post.
    The features described with reference to a specific embodiment above can be advantageously combined with other embodiments.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A method of replacing or renovating a tubular post, comprising pulling the post (26) out of a foundation (28) by simultaneously applying an upward force to the post (26) and bearing against the foundation (28).
    [2]
    The method of claim 1, further comprising inserting an expander module (10) into the post (26); and causing the expander module (10) to engage the inner walls of the post (26).
    [3]
    A method according to claim 2, wherein the expander module (10) is caused to engage the inner walls of the post (26) by tilting the expander module (10), so that a drawer effect between the expander module (10) and the post (26) occurs.
    [4]
    A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising cooling the post (26).
    [5]
    The method of claim 4, further comprising heating the post (26) prior to cooling.
    [6]
    An expander module for post lifting, comprising an expander portion (12) arranged to be inserted into a post (26), a lifting device bracket (25) being eccentrically arranged in the expander module (10), said lifting device bracket (25) being arranged by its eccentric position to when applying a traction force therein, tilt the expander portion (12) to engage the inner walls of the post (26).
    [7]
    The expander module of claim 6, further comprising an extension portion (18).
    [8]
    An expander module according to any one of claims 6-7, further comprising a locking arm (20). 10 15 12
    [9]
    An expander module according to any one of claims 6-8, which is provided with a cable entry hole (24) extending through the expander portion (12) and an optional extension portion (18).
    [10]
    An expander module according to any one of claims 6-9, wherein the expander portion (12) is substantially in the form of a cylinder of elliptical cross-section.
    [11]
    A post lift, comprising a support (36) for bearing against a foundation (28); a fastening device (10), arranged to be brought into engagement with a post (26); and a lifting device (34), arranged to lift the fastening device (10), and thus the post (26), in relation to the support (36).
    [12]
    A post lift according to claim 11, wherein the fastening device (10) is an expander module according to any one of claims 6-10.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE0950495A|SE534516C2|2009-06-26|2009-06-26|Chair lift for extraction of a tubular post from a foundation|SE0950495A| SE534516C2|2009-06-26|2009-06-26|Chair lift for extraction of a tubular post from a foundation|
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